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What are the functions of Microsoft .Net Framework.?

When compiling to managed code, the compiler translates your source code into Microsoft intermediate language (MSIL), which is a CPU-independent set of instructions that can be efficiently converted to native code. MSIL includes instructions for loading, storing, initializing, and calling methods on objects, as well as instructions for arithmetic and logical operations, control flow, direct memory access, exception handling, and other operations. Before code can be run, MSIL must be converted to CPU-specific code, usually by a just-in-time (JIT) compiler. When a compiler produces MSIL, it also produces metadata.



 Metadata is completely self-describing . Metadata is stored in a file called Manifest, and it contains information about the members, types, references and all the other data that the Common Language Runtime (CLR) needs for execution .The Common Language Runtime (CLR) uses metadata to locate and load classes, generate native code, provide security, and execute Managed Code. Both Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) and Metadata assembled together is known as Portable Executable (PE) file. Portable Executable (PE) is supposed to be portable across all 32-bit operating systems by Microsoft .Net Framework.

During the runtime the Common Language Runtime (CLR)'s Just In Time (JIT) compiler converts the Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) code into native code to the Operating System. The native code is Operating System independent and this code is known as Managed Code , that is, the language's functionality is managed by the .NET Framework . The Common Language Runtime (CLR) provides various Just In Time (JIT) compilers, and each works on a different architecture depends on Operating Systems, that means the same Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) can be executed on different Operating Systems. From the following section you can see how Common Language Runtime (CLR) functions .

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