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Common Language Runtime in .net framework

Common Language Runtime (CLR)

.Net Framework provides runtime environment called Common Language Runtime (CLR). It works as a layer between Operating Systems and the applications written in .Net languages that conforms to the Common Language Specification (CLS). 

















It provides an environment to run all the .Net Programs. The code which runs under the CLR is called as Managed Code. Programmers need not to worry on managing the memory if the programs are running under the CLR as it provides memory management and thread management.
Programmatically, when our program needs memory, CLR allocates the memory for scope and de-allocates the memory if the scope is completed.
Language Compilers (for example. C#, VB.Net, J#) will convert the Code/Program to Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) intern this will be converted to Native Code by CLR.
The runtime provides the following benefits:
   

    Performance improvements.

    The ability to easily use components developed in other languages.

    Extensible types provided by a class library.

    Language features such as inheritance, interfaces, and overloading for object-oriented programming.

    Support for explicit free threading that allows creation of multithreaded, scalable applications.

    Support for structured exception handling.

    Support for custom attributes.

    Garbage collection.

    Use of delegates instead of function pointers for increased type safety and security. 

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